國際自然保育聯盟(IUCN)鯊魚專家群針對31種表層鯊魚及魟魚以測量豐量指數的__生命地球指數__(Living Planet Index)及量滅絕指數的__紅色名錄指數__(Red List Index)兩項指標，進行鯊魚魟魚的資源評估。研究結果顯示:表層鯊魚及魟物種減少71%，四分之三的指標性物種有滅絕風險。

研究將鯊魚魟魚的減少，歸因於過度捕撈:過去的半個世紀裡，漁獲壓力增加了18倍。研究亦發現，越來越多的鯊魚魟魚物種的捕撈超越了能夠永續發展的程度。
嚴格執行熱區禁捕，科學性預警式漁獲量管制以及嚴格執行，改善漁法減少混獲，改進鯊魚混獲放生的技巧，提高脫勾後的生存利，都是避免資源崩潰的方法，研究團隊未來會再針對其他底棲性鯊魚及魟魚進行評估，盼達成資源及生態系永續目標。

[出處:](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03173-9 "Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays") 
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03173-9

IUCN shark specialist team used the __Living Planet Index__ (a measure of changes in abundance) and the __Red List Index__ (a measure of extinction risk) to research 31 species of pelagic sharks and rays. The team found that, since 1970, the global abundance of oceanic sharks and rays has declined by 71%. The main cause is an 18-fold increase in relative fishing pressure, ¾ of the species studied in the research are threatened with extinction. 

The study attributes these declines to overfishing. The increase in relative fishing pressure is 18-times compared to half a century ago. The study also found that there is an increase in the proportion of sharks that are being fished beyond sustainable levels. 

To begin the recovery of oceanic shark and ray populations, banning fishing fleets from hotspots of oceanic sharks and rays is necessary. Strict measures to prohibit landings of these species and to minimize their bycatch in other fisheries are needed immediately and must be coupled with strict enforcement.
Other solutions include modifying fishing gear and improving how sharks and rays are released after capture, to give them a better chance of survival.

[Source:](https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03173-9 "Half a century of global decline in oceanic sharks and rays") 
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-020-03173-9


Living planet index-CHN

Living planet index-ENG

過去的半個世紀 (1970-2020)，七成的大洋性鯊魚從地球消失了。

In just half a century (1970 - 2020) , the abundance of oceanic sharks globally declined by 71.1%.

鯊魚魟魚正在迅速消失中

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